Journal: npj Viruses

Article Title: Side-by-side evaluation of two Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus isolates in IFNAR −/− mice

doi: 10.1038/s44298-026-00216-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: IFNAR −/− mice were infected with either 100 TCID 50 CCHFV Afg09 (purple, n = 8) or Hoti (green, n = 6). The clinical score (A) , summarizing appearance, behavior, body weight ( B ), and body temperature ( C ), was monitored daily. After reaching the clinical endpoint (score of ≥10 or ≥6 on two consecutive days), the mice were euthanized or found dead (terminal, gray). Asterisk indicates mice that have died. Dotted lines mark the clinical endpoints.

Article Snippet: Microtiter plates were coated with CCHFV glycoprotein (Gc) protein ( REC31696 , The Native Antigen Company, Oxford, United Kingdom) diluted to 0.5 μg/ml in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and incubated for 20 h at 4 °C.

Techniques: Infection

Journal: npj Viruses

Article Title: Side-by-side evaluation of two Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus isolates in IFNAR −/− mice

doi: 10.1038/s44298-026-00216-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: IFNAR −/− mice were infected with either 100 TCID 50 CCHFV Afg09 (purple, n = 8) or Hoti (green, n = 6). A CCHFV genome copy was measured by RT-qPCR in organs and serum samples (day 3 and final) of individual mice. B Infectious CCHFV was determined by TCID 50 assay in organs and final serum samples of individual mice. Each data point represents a sample from an individual animal, data are shown as the means ± SD. Datasets were analyzed using Šídák’s multiple comparisons test ( A ) or Tukey’s multiple comparisons test ( B ). Asterisks indicate statistical significance as detailed between CCHFV Afg09 and Kosovo Hoti group: ∗ p ≤ 0.05; ∗∗∗∗ p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Microtiter plates were coated with CCHFV glycoprotein (Gc) protein ( REC31696 , The Native Antigen Company, Oxford, United Kingdom) diluted to 0.5 μg/ml in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and incubated for 20 h at 4 °C.

Techniques: Infection, Quantitative RT-PCR

Journal: npj Viruses

Article Title: Side-by-side evaluation of two Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus isolates in IFNAR −/− mice

doi: 10.1038/s44298-026-00216-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: IFNAR −/− mice were infected with either 100 TCID 50 CCHFV Afg09 (purple) or Hoti (green). A Final sera (Afg09 n = 6, Hoti n = 6) were analyzed with two virus-specific ELISAs using either inactivated CCHFV, measuring NP-specific antibodies, or the major glycoprotein Gc for coating. Monoclonal antibodies detecting Gc or N protein were used as controls (not shown). Dotted lines indicate the respective cut-off. B Liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were analyzed in final serum samples (Afg09 n = 5, Hoti n = 3). Dotted lines indicate the physiological range of healthy C57BL/6 mice .

Article Snippet: Microtiter plates were coated with CCHFV glycoprotein (Gc) protein ( REC31696 , The Native Antigen Company, Oxford, United Kingdom) diluted to 0.5 μg/ml in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and incubated for 20 h at 4 °C.

Techniques: Infection, Virus, Bioprocessing

Journal: npj Viruses

Article Title: Side-by-side evaluation of two Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus isolates in IFNAR −/− mice

doi: 10.1038/s44298-026-00216-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Liver, spleen and brain of CCHFV Afg09 (purple) or Hoti-infected (green) IFNAR −/− mice were pathologically examined post-mortem. A Shown are exemplary images of organ histopathology, H&E (hematoxylin and eosin) staining; ISH (in situ hybridization). Arrows indicate multifocal liver necrosis with loss of tissue architecture and lymphohistiocytic infiltrates. Arrowheads indicate apoptosis in germinal follicle centers. Scale bars: 100 µm. B Quantification of ISH indicating percentage area of CCHFV-positive organ sections. Each data point represents a sample from an individual animal, and horizontal lines represent the means ± SD. Datasets were analyzed using Šídák’s multiple comparisons test. Asterisks indicate statistical significance as detailed between CCHFV Afg09 and Kosovo Hoti group: ∗∗∗∗ p < 0.0001; ns = not significant.

Article Snippet: Microtiter plates were coated with CCHFV glycoprotein (Gc) protein ( REC31696 , The Native Antigen Company, Oxford, United Kingdom) diluted to 0.5 μg/ml in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and incubated for 20 h at 4 °C.

Techniques: Infection, Histopathology, Staining, In Situ Hybridization